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pISSN : 2713-8356
沽山中國學報 , Vol.9 (2024)
pp.89~118
한국 최초 창건된 南關王廟 기록 고찰 ― 조선 선조 연간을 중심으로 ―
본 논문에서는 한국 최초 창건된 南關王廟에 대해 조선 선조 연간에 남겨진 기록 들을 중심으로 고찰하였다. 關羽(關雲長)는 중국 삼국시대 촉나라에서 장수로 활약한 실존 인물이다. 나중에 수호신, 무신, 재물신, 호국신 등으로 확대되다가 훗날 천상으로 승격하여 관성대제가 되었다. 한국에서 첫 번째 세워진 관왕묘는 남관왕묘이다. 남관왕묘는 임진왜란 때 명 장수 陳寅이 서울 남산 아래에 세웠다. 1598년(선조 31)에 남관왕묘가 낙성될 때 지은 조선 李廷龜의 제문, 1599년(선조32)에 남관왕묘를 찾아보고 기술한 吳希文의 기록, 1600년(선조 33)에 명 陶良性이 남관왕묘의 창건 역사를 담은 ｢朝鮮刱建漢前將軍關公廟記｣를 통해 남관왕묘의 건 립과 모습을 살펴보았다. 남관왕묘의 관우상은 소상이다. 머리에 금관을 쓰고 붉은 도포를 입었으며, 얼굴이 붉고 긴 수염을 하고 있었다. 탁자 앞에는 청룡언월도가 꼽혀 있었다. 좌우에 關平, 周倉 등 배위상 4기가 세워져 있었다. 묘우에는 명군들이 쓴 여러 편액과 기치가 걸 려있었다. 명군들은 관왕묘에 찾아와 적을 물리쳐달라고 기원했다.
A Study on Foundation and Appearance of South Guanyu Shrine(南關王廟) during the Reign of Seonjo(宣祖) of the Joseon Dynasty(朝鮮)
This study focused on the foundation and appearance of South Guanyu Shrine(南關王廟) established for the first time during the reign of Seonjo(宣 祖) of the Joseon Dynasty(朝鮮). Guan you(Guan yunzhang: 關羽, 關雲長) was a real person who acted as a general in Shu Han(蜀漢). He was promoted to a patron saint, God of War, God of Wealth, and God of Guardian. Later he was promoted to Heaven and became a Guansheng dadi(關聖大帝). South Guanyu shrine was the first Guanyu shrine, Ming(明) established during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592(壬辰倭亂). Through the memorial address which Li jeonggu(李廷龜) of Joseon wrote when South Guanyu shrine was established in 1598(31st year of King Seonjo's Reign), the record of O huimun(吳希文) written after he visited South Guanyu shrine in 1599(39nd year of king Seonjo's Reign) and in which Ming Tao liangxing(陶良性) included the foundation history of South Guanyu shrine in 1600(33rd year of King Seonjo's Reign) were examined. The statue of Guan yu in South Guanyu shrine was a clay figure. It was wearing a golden crown on its head and wearing red full-dress attire, and its face was red and wearing long beards. In front of the table, Qinglong yanyuedao(靑龍偃月刀) was stuck. At its side, four manager figures such as Guan ping(關平), Zhou cang(周倉) were stood. On the tomb, many tablets and flags Ming soldiers wrote were hung. Ming soldiers visited Guanyu shrine and prayed for a victory over their enemies.
